{"id":910,"date":"2025-08-19T10:43:48","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T03:43:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/?p=910"},"modified":"2025-08-19T10:45:18","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T03:45:18","slug":"ga-ha-noi-chung-nhan-lich-su-mot-thoi-dan-bom-mot-thoi-hoa-binh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/ga-ha-noi-chung-nhan-lich-su-mot-thoi-dan-bom-mot-thoi-hoa-binh\/","title":{"rendered":"Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u201c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1n bom, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m  c\u1ee7a  l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u00e0 ga gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n bi h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c , ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u01b0\u01a1n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c khai th\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf mang c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh giao th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ga t\u00e0u, b\u1ebfn xe m\u1ecdc l\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1895, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Paul Doumer quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u1edf khu ch\u1ee3 H\u00e0ng C\u1ecf. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 216.000m2, do k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Boreil thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u0103m 1898, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1902. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u Long Bi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i – L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n th\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1906, Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y xong tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i – L\u00e0o Cai.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i x\u01b0a<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ga hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi 3 l\u1edbp m\u00e1i u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n, hai t\u00f2a th\u00e1p hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1i d\u1ed1c ki\u1ec3u \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng thay b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1i Mansard, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch T\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Mandarine (ph\u1ed1 L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n nay). \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3c cao, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee3i t\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u1eeda d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111i v\u00e9 h\u1ea1ng sang. Hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, n\u01a1i b\u00e1n v\u00e9 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 ga trung t\u00e2m \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ecfa \u0111i c\u00e1c n\u01a1i, ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, M\u1ef9 Tho, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, sang V\u00e2n Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u1ea7u 1946, t\u1eeb Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u h\u1ed1i h\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Nam ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Nam ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p, mang tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng, \u1ea3nh Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef, kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, ga H\u00e0ng C\u1ecf mang \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1n bom, t\u1eeb ga H\u00e0ng C\u1ecf xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi ga V\u0103n \u0110i\u1ec3n, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray b\u1ecb b\u00f3c, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3\/1947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, ga H\u00e0ng C\u1ecf tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau  n\u00e9m bom c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u01b0 B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea1ch Mai, ph\u1ed1 Kh\u00e2m Thi\u00ean,\u2026 Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft b\u1ecb c\u1eaft, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ga H\u00e0ng C\u1ecf ng\u00e0y 21.12.1972 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom l\u1edbn n\u00e9m tr\u00fang, ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh, n\u01a1i treo chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ga, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n  n\u00e0y, t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn bao chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u r\u1eddi ga \u0111\u01b0a d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u00e0o Nam theo ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cha anh \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ghi d\u1ea5u, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u00fd \u1ee9c m\u00e3i kh\u00f4n ngu\u00f4i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00e0 ga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. N\u0103m 1972, \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh b\u1ecb bom M\u1ef9 ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y m\u1edbi n\u0103m 1976. Sau khi mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t hai mi\u1ec1n Nam – B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1899 – 1936. Ng\u00e0y nay, ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f3 phai m\u1edd,  l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 \u201cm\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1n bom, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      V\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 trong ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ( Ga H\u00e0ng C\u1ecf). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u, hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m  c\u1ee7a  l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u00e0 ga gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n bi h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c , ti\u1ebfp [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":912,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc-lich-su-van-hoa","category-nghien-cuu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=910"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":914,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910\/revisions\/914"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baotanghanoi.com.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}